(i) What is an ecosystem?
Answer
An ecosystem is a community in a given area where living organisms interact with each other
and their immediate surroundings including non livings.
(ii) What do you mean by natural environment?
Answer
The environment which is created by nature comprises of land, water, air, plants and animals is
known as natural environment.
(iii) Which are the major components of the environment?
Answer
The major components of the environment are:
(i) Natural environment
(ii) Human environment
(iii) Human made environment
(iv) Give four examples of human made environment.
Answer
Four examples of human made environment are:
(i) Vehicles
(ii) Buildings
(iii) Roads
(iv) Parks
(v) What is lithosphere?
Answer
Lithosphere is the solid crust or the hard top layer of the earth which is made up of rocks and
minerals and covered by a thin layer of soil.
(vi) Which are the two major components of biotic environment?
Answer
Two major components of biotic environment are:
(i) Plants
(ii) Animals
(
vii) What is biosphere?
Answer
Biosphere is a narrow zone of the earth where land, water and air interact with each other to
support life. It consists of plant and animal kingdom together.
2. Tick the correct answer.
(i) Which is not a natural ecosystem?
(a) Desert (b) Aquarium (c) Forest
✓ (b) Aquarium
(ii) Which is not a component of human environment?
(a) Land (b) Religion (c) Community
✓ (a) Land
(iii) Which is a human made environment?
(a) Mountain (b) Sea (c) Road
✓ (c) Road
(iv) Which is a threat to environment?
(a) Growing plant (b) Growing population (c) Growing crops
✓ (b) Growing population
3. Match the following.
(i) Biosphere (a) blanket of air which surrounds the earth
(ii) Atmosphere (b) domain of water
(iii) Hydrosphere (c) gravitational force of the earth
(iv) Environment(d) our surroundings
(e) narrow zone where land water and air interact
(f) relation between the organisms and their surroundings
Answer
(i) Biosphere (e) narrow zone where land water and air interact
(ii) Atmosphere (a) blanket of air which surrounds the earth
(iii) Hydrosphere (b) domain of water
(iv) Environment(d) our surroundings
4. Give reasons.
(i) Man modifies his environment
(ii) Plants and animals depend on each other
Answer
(i) Man modifies his environment because the are capable of modifying it according to their need
and live comfortable life. Humans learn new ways to use and change environment and invented
many things. Industrial revolution enabled large scale production. Transportation became faster.
Information revolution made communication easier and speedy across the world.
(ii) Plants and animals depend on each other for their sustainability. Animals consume plants as
they are the only producers and also takes oxygen from them. Plants are dependent on animals as
they give out carbon dioxide which is important for photosynthesis. Also, dead remains of
animals provide nutrients to the plants.